Affirming the Law and National Will:
From Babylon to Beirut

Rami G. Khouri

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I attended a gathering of Palestinian refugees in Beirut last week that demonstrates — more than anything I have experienced in my adult life — why the Palestine refugee issue and quest for statehood remain so strong, even in the face of the combined political and military force of Israel and the United States. A group of around 30 adult men and women activists representing Palestinian refugee non-governmental organizations spent hours in a Beirut hotel conference room methodically discussing the draft of a Palestinian constitution. A professor from Birzeit University provided the link with the Palestinian people in Palestine itself.

Why is this so significant, even moving? Why should Israeli Premier Ariel Sharon and the Israeli people take notice of this? Why should U.S.
President George Bush and National Security Advisor Condoleezza Rice, who rarely speak of Palestinians other than those few who bomb Israeli restaurants, take more notice of these exiled Palestinian refugees debating the fine points of law? Because the moral force, political aspirations and real world pragmatism of the Palestinians is reflected in the Beirut group debating the constitution far more than it is in the restaurant bombers.

The actual discussion mirrored debates similar to those that occurred in all other societies that achieved sovereignty and that govern themselves by law. The various speakers — political leaders, community elders, lawyers, university professors and local activists — commented in detail on the draft. The specifics related to clarity of language and eliminating ambiguity, separating political doctrine from constitutional issues, ensuring that constitutional provisions will be implemented equitably (unlike many existing Arab constitutions), insisting on no discrimination on the basis of gender, religion or ethnicity, striking a balance between secularism and religiosity, clarifying references to historical landmarks (such as UN resolutions) and, most of all, coming to grips with the uncertainty of whether the constitution would apply to a sovereign Palestinian state that would still have many of its citizens living in exile.

The event was most impressive for what it revealed about the Palestinian character. Here is a national community whose land is occupied; whose people at home are being subjected to daily military attacks, assassinations and land expropriations by Israel; whose people in exile often live in very difficult conditions in refugee camps; whose economy and normal daily life are shattered; whose case only receives lip service from other Arabs and friends; and who are treated by the world's superpower as little more than a violent nuisance that can be handled with colonial disdain. The Palestinian refugees in Lebanon are in the most difficult situation of all, with limited personal and legal rights to work and travel, no right to own land or property, and considerable political opposition from forces in society that blame them for Lebanon's troubles.

Yet, despite all this, they gather for hours, democratically discussing the fine points of a constitution that does not exist, for a Palestinian state that is unlikely to be created any time soon, on a land that is occupied and still being colonized by Israel. Their darkest hour, for the exiled Palestinian refugees, is also their finest moment: democratic, participatory, full of hope and faith, wedded to the law, anticipating a normal life in which citizen rights are protected by constitutional guarantees. This dynamic must be better appreciated by Israel, the U.S. and the world, because it represents what makes the Palestinians tick, what inspires them and what they seek to achieve. This is why the Palestinians are so proud, and can endure so much pain.

I was struck by the historical parallels between what the Palestinian refugees are doing here in Beirut and what the exiled Jews did in Babylon two and a half millennia ago. In both cases, exiled communities endured hardships, remembered their roots, fortified their national integrity, and, most importantly, codified their sentiments into laws and political doctrines guided by divinely inspired moral values of justice, equality, dignity and compassion. Parts of the biblical books of Isaiah and Deuteronomy were probably compiled and written during the Jewish exile in Babylon after 586 BC, as elements of the Palestinian constitution are being written by exiled Palestinians in Beirut in 2003. God — or something equally powerful and benevolent — must guide both these peoples.

Ariel Sharon and his American supporters must recognize that many more Palestinians spend time writing constitutions than bombing restaurants.
Sharon's and the suicide bombers' approach will only aggravate and expand the terrible cycle of mutual killing in Palestine and Israel. The way to stop is to reach out forcefully to those who are trying to affirm and apply the rule of law, inspired today by the moral values first codified in Babylon long ago: equality among people and justice as the guiding principle of society.

Source: The Jordan Times, October 22, 2003. http://www.jordantimes.com
Distributed by the Common Ground News Service.

Affirming the Law and National Will:
From Babylon to Beirut
After attending a recent meeting in Beirut of Palestinian refugees coming together to debate the fine points of a Palestinian constitution, Rami Khouri reflects on the Palestinian steadfastness and “historical parallels between what the Palestinian refugees are doing here in Beirut and what the exiled Jews did in Babylon two and a half millennia ago”. (Source: Rami Khouri, The Jordan Times, October 22, 2003)

Irrelevante Verräter?
Who is afraid of the Geneva Accords?
How representative of the people are the “Geneva Accords” negotiators? For the author, “labeling every party that is willing to negotiate as insignificant and marginal just strengthens the emotional and physical wall of misunderstanding and hatred that already exists between the two sides”. (Source: Ksenia Svetlova, AMIN.org, October 17, 2003)

Palestinian Independance:
Is there a Palestinian Strategy?
Veteran journalist Daoud Kuttab, discusses today’s various options for the Palestinian strategy of independence. According to Kuttab, “if it [the Palestinian leadership] believes that the best strategy for obtaining an independent Palestinian state is to follow the diplomatic track, then every possible effort should be made to link up with all forces that will make this track successful.” (Source: Daoud Kuttab, Jordan Times, October 15, 2003)

Thirty Years Later:
Lessons of the Yom Kippur War
Reflecting on the events that led to and followed the Yom Kippur War in 1973, Shira Herzog draws parallels between the lessons learned by the Israeli leadership in the immediate aftermath of the conflict and the current Israeli-Palestinian situation. (Source: Shira Herzog, The Globe and Mail, October 6, 2003)

hagalil.com 05-08-2003